⚙️Options & derivatives
Calls, puts, covered calls and implied volatility — advanced tools for hedging and leverage. From basics to strategies.
Options & derivatives — overview
Options are derivatives — contracts whose value derives from the price of an underlying stock. They give the right (not the obligation) to buy (call) or sell (put) a stock at a preset price by a certain date. They serve two very different purposes: hedging (insuring a portfolio against a drop) and leverage (larger exposure with less capital). Leverage is exactly what makes options a powerful but risky tool: both gains and losses are amplified, and a poorly used option can expire worthless. Key terms are the strike price, expiration date, premium (the option's price) and implied volatility (IV) — the market's expectation of future swings. An option's value is driven not only by the underlying's move but also by time decay (theta) and changes in volatility. Popular conservative strategies such as a covered call (selling a call against a held stock) generate income but cap upside; buying calls offers leverage at the cost of time decay. Options are not suitable for complete beginners without understanding the mechanics and risks. This section runs from the basics (what a call and put are) through pricing to specific strategies, always emphasizing risk. QMA tracks options flow as one smart-money layer and provides theoretical payoff calculations — this is educational and analytical content, not a trade instruction.
Options & derivatives articles
Как найти акции с потенциалом short squeeze (и что такое FTD)
Простой гид: как искать акции с потенциалом short squeeze, что такое short interest и fail-to-deliver (FTD) — и как отслеживать растущий FTD в QMA, где это не показывают обычные инструменты.
Options Hub — the complete guide
What the Options Hub is and what each tab does (Guide, Pick a strategy, Strategies, Hedging, Income screener, Paper practice, Candidates, Confluence, Flow & IV). Call/put/strike/IV/POC/theta in plain language + where to start as an absolute beginner.
Повторяющийся опционный поток: повторение раскрывает институционалов
Один крупный опционный трейд зачастую лишь хедж — шум. Но один и тот же страйк, покупаемый несколько дней подряд за большую суммарную премию, выглядит как институциональное накопление позиции. QMA ранжирует по (количество активных дней × суммарная премия).
Опционы 1/5 — Опционы для абсолютных новичков
Первая часть курса по опционам: что такое колл и пут, страйк, экспирация, премия, ITM/OTM. На примере акции за $100 показываем как потенциал левериджа, так и риск потери 100% вложений — простым языком с аналогиями.
Options 3/5 — IV and IV Crush Around Earnings
Part three of the course: what implied volatility is, why options are expensive before earnings, and how IV crush takes the profit even from someone who got the direction right. Expected move and the two sides of the crush — descriptively.
Advanced Options: Hedging, Income, and Working with Implied Volatility
Options are not just a “bet on direction.” When used with discipline, they can serve as portfolio insurance or an income source, but they also bring leverage, asymmetry, and risks that must be understood in advance.
Опционы 2/5 — Греки простым языком
Вторая часть курса: Delta, Theta, Vega и Gamma объяснены доступно, с аналогиями. Что измеряет каждый грек, почему theta и vega губят большинство покупок новичков и как читать их в совокупности.
Options 4/5 — Assignment and Rolling
Part four of the course: what happens on assignment for a covered call and a cash-secured put, what sequence risk is (small gain, big rare loss), early assignment, and what rolling a position means.
Options 5/5 — Which Strategy for Which View + Timing
The course finale: a directory of 9 structures by view plus timing — volume levels (POC/VAH/VAL, naked POC), IV rank (when to buy cheap / sell expensive) and an EMA trend filter. Descriptive, not signals.
Как торговать опционами — полное руководство
От абсолютных основ (колл, пут, премия) через греки и графики выплат до стратегий дохода, спредов и хеджирования акций — с точными графиками, конкретными примерами и ссылкой на интерактивный симулятор.
Frequently asked questions
What is the difference between a call and a put option?
A call gives the right to buy a stock at the strike price; a put gives the right to sell it. A call leans on an upside move, a put on a downside move or as a hedge. Both have a limited life until expiration.
What is implied volatility (IV)?
Implied volatility is the market's expectation of the underlying's future swings, built into the option price. Higher IV means more expensive options. QMA tracks IV as part of its options-flow analysis.
Are options suitable for beginners?
Options are an advanced tool with leverage and time decay where you can lose the entire premium paid. Without understanding the mechanics and risks they are not suitable for complete beginners. QMA provides educational content and analytical tools, not trade instructions.
QMA provides analytical and educational tools, not investment advice. Past performance does not guarantee future results.