📦الأسهم أم صناديق ETF؟ ما الذي تستثمر فيه (وكيف تجمع بينهما)

Two similar-sounding numbers, two completely different meanings. Tracking difference is how far an ETF’s return drifted from its index (the gap). Tracking error measures how stable that gap is. We explain both without jargon, what causes them and how to check before you buy.

Leveraged ETFs (2× or 3×) look like a shortcut to faster gains, but they are designed to double or triple an index’s move over a SINGLE day — and they reset every day. This plain-language guide explains why that daily reset causes "volatility decay," shows it with a simple worked example, and explains why these are short-term tools, not buy-and-hold investments.

Owning several ETFs feels diversified — but many funds share the same mega-cap stocks at the top. Your real concentration is then far higher than it looks, and a drop in a few names hits the whole portfolio at once. Here is why it happens, how to check for overlap, and how to fix it.

Most beginners pick an ETF by a single number — its past return. Yet that is the least reliable thing to look at. This practical 7-metric framework shows what really decides an ETF’s quality: cost, what the fund actually holds, size, tracking quality, concentration, overlap and liquidity.